The Holy House (Al-Bayt Al-Muqaddas) The Holy House, the first Qibla for the Muslim nation, Jerusalem and its sacred shrine, was founded by our Prophet David (peace be upon him) and completed by our Prophet Solomon (peace be upon him).
The city of Jerusalem is also known as the Holy House, and it is one of the cities that enjoys great respect and esteem from humanity, as every part of it is sacred. Most of the prophets were sent to it.
Most of the prophets were sent to this city. It is a holy city for Muslims, Christians and Jews.
After the Hijra (migration), Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his companions prayed towards it for seventeen months.
When the Holy Spirit descended upon him during the Isra and Miraj (Night Journey and Ascension), this city was his first destination.
Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) had instructed previous prophets to pray there. Here are the tombs of King David, King Solomon and many other prophets.
King David ruled over the Holy City for 33 years. During this time, the Israelites did not enjoy much peace. However, the results of these wars were ultimately beneficial to the Israelites, as they were victims of tribal hatred.
They were divided into different tribes and then became one nation. The construction of the Temple was a sincere desire of King David, but according to Israelite tradition, he was told in a dream that the permanent House of God would be built during the reign of his son.
Therefore, after ascending the throne, King Solomon began the construction of this Temple in 1012 BC.This building was erected on the very site chosen by David. Its construction took seven years and involved two hundred thousand workers. This building later became known as Solomon's Temple. Solomon's Temple was an architectural masterpiece, measuring 90 meters long, 30 meters wide, and 45 meters high.
Inside, a sanctuary was built to house the Ark of the Covenant. After the death of King Solomon, the kingdom of Israel was divided into two parts. As a result, the Israelites fell into immorality, adultery, and waste, forsaking the one God and worshipping idols.
Five years after King Solomon ascended the throne, King Sheak of Egypt marched on Jerusalem and entered it unopposed.
He plundered the Temple and all its treasures, including the royal treasury. Hezekiah (740-700 BC) restored the Temple to its former glory during his reign.The first destruction of the Jewish nation occurred in 598 BC by Nebuchadnezzar.
In this destruction, not only was the name and emblem of Solomon's Temple obliterated, but the Nata also disappeared along with other texts. After this attack by Nebuchadnezzar, the Ark of the Covenant disappeared completely and has not been found to this day. When Cyrus the Great of Persia conquered Babylon in 539 BC, he allowed the Jews to return to their homeland.
After their return, the Jews, with their acquired knowledge and wisdom, resumed the construction of Solomon's Temple under the leadership of Joshua, the son of Josiah, and Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel.
This construction was completed in 516 BC. In 63 BC, the Roman general Pompey besieged and destroyed the Temple again, but under Heraclius, who became the city's vassal king of the Roman emperor, Jerusalem regained its former glory, reminiscent of the time of Solomon. This king rebuilt the Temple to its former splendor.
According to Captain Warren, the area of the temple expanded by Herod was about a thousand meters and was in no way inferior to the temple built by Solomon in splendor.In 70 AD, when the Roman Emperor Tiberius entered the city and Roman soldiers pursued the Jews into the courtyard of the Temple, a Jew threw a burning torch inside, lit it on fire, and burned it to ashes.
This time, the destruction of the Temple was carried out by the Jews themselves.When the temple was rebuilt in 135, the Romans destroyed it and plowed up the land. In 136, the Roman emperor Hadrian rebuilt it. The city was first called Aelia, then Cassiopeia.
Western historians and archaeologists say that even after Herod's temple was reduced to rubble, the Jewish people piled up piles of rubble and filth on this site for centuries, out of hatred. Therefore, when the Muslims conquered Jerusalem during the time of Hazrat Umar, there was no Jewish temple there at that time.
Instead, there were ruins. On the orders of Hazrat Umar, a mosque was built on these ruins. An ancient traveler, Arklef, also mentioned a simple mosque.
He also came to Jerusalem in 670 to visit the holy places. About fifty years after this simple construction, the Umayyad Caliph Abdul Malik bin Mardan laid the foundations of the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock in 72 AH / 290.
This caliph succeeded in completing the construction of the Dome of the Rock. The construction of the Al-Aqsa Mosque, which remained unfinished, was completed by Walid bin Abdul Malik. The holy sites make this holy city a center of devotion for Muslims, Christians, and Jews.
The largest part of the city is located in a complex on the eastern hill, which Muslims call Haram al-Sharif and Jews Bethlehem. It is the holiest part of Jerusalem. According to Dr. Berkeley, the Haram al-Sharif covers 35 acres. The Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock are in the Haram.
There are elevations in the Haram. These are called mihrabs by Muslims and they perform nawafil in front of them. There are four basins for ablution and five pulpits for preachers in the Haram al-Sharif.
There are three rooms for Masturahs. The number of internal and external doors is fifty. In 1967, Maulana Sher Ali stated that the length of the letter Sharif is 1200 meters, the width is 660 meters and it has fourteen doors.
The shrines within the Haram complex include buildings other than the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock.
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